Nkag siab txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm MOSFET thiab siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo dua

Nkag siab txog cov qauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm MOSFETs (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors) yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua tau zoo. MOSFETs yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab nkag siab lawv yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov tuam txhab.

Hauv kev xyaum, muaj cov tuam txhab lag luam uas yuav tsis txaus siab rau cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb ntawm MOSFETs thaum lawv thov. Txawm li cas los xij, los ntawm kev nkag siab cov ntsiab lus ua haujlwm ntawm MOSFETs hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab lawv lub luag haujlwm sib xws, ib tus tuaj yeem xaiv cov MOSFET uas tsim nyog tshaj plaws, suav nrog nws cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb thiab cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom. Txoj kev no txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom, txhawb nqa nws cov kev sib tw hauv kev ua lag luam.

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MOSFET Cov Cai Ua Haujlwm

Thaum lub rooj vag-qhov hluav taws xob (VGS) ntawm MOSFET yog xoom, txawm tias nrog daim ntawv thov ntawm qhov hluav taws xob qhov hluav taws xob (VDS), yeej ib txwm muaj PN kev sib tshuam hauv qhov kev tsis ncaj ncees, uas ua rau tsis muaj cov kab hluav taws xob (thiab tsis muaj tam sim no) ntawm qhov ntws thiab qhov chaw ntawm MOSFET. Hauv lub xeev no, cov dej ntws tam sim no (ID) ntawm MOSFET yog xoom. Siv qhov hluav taws xob zoo ntawm lub rooj vag thiab qhov chaw (VGS> 0) tsim hluav taws xob hauv SiO2 insulating txheej ntawm lub rooj vag ntawm MOSFET thiab silicon substrate, coj los ntawm lub rooj vag mus rau P-hom silicon substrate. Muab hais tias cov oxide txheej yog insulating, qhov hluav taws xob siv rau lub rooj vag, VGS, tsis tuaj yeem tsim tam sim no hauv MOSFET. Hloov chaw, nws tsim ib lub capacitor hla cov oxide txheej.

Raws li VGS maj mam nce, lub capacitor nce, tsim kom muaj hluav taws xob. Txaus siab los ntawm qhov zoo voltage ntawm lub rooj vag, ntau cov hluav taws xob sib sau ua ke ntawm sab nraud ntawm lub capacitor, tsim N-hom conductive channel los ntawm qhov ntws mus rau qhov chaw hauv MOSFET. Thaum VGS tshaj qhov pib voltage VT (feem ntau nyob ib ncig ntawm 2V), N-channel ntawm MOSFET ua, pib qhov ntws ntawm ntws tam sim no ID. Lub rooj vag-qhov hluav taws xob uas cov channel pib tsim yog hu ua qhov pib voltage VT. Los ntawm kev tswj qhov loj ntawm VGS, thiab yog li qhov hluav taws xob teb, qhov loj ntawm qhov ntws tam sim no ID hauv MOSFET tuaj yeem hloov kho.

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MOSFET Daim Ntawv Thov

MOSFET muaj npe nrov rau nws cov yam ntxwv hloov pauv zoo, ua rau nws siv dav hauv circuits xav tau hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob, xws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov. Hauv kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg siv 5V fais fab mov, kev siv cov qauv tsim ua rau muaj qhov hluav taws xob poob thoob plaws hauv lub hauv paus-emitter ntawm kev sib tshuam bipolar transistor (txog 0.7V), tsuas yog 4.3V rau qhov kawg voltage thov rau lub rooj vag ntawm lub MOSFET. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, kev xaiv rau MOSFET nrog lub rooj vag nominal voltage ntawm 4.5V qhia txog qee yam kev pheej hmoo. Qhov kev sib tw no kuj tshwm sim hauv cov ntawv thov uas muaj 3V lossis lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob qis.