Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob semiconductor tau siv dav hauv kev lag luam, kev siv, kev ua tub rog thiab lwm yam kev lag luam, thiab muaj txoj haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws. Cia peb saib tag nrho cov duab ntawm cov khoom siv fais fab los ntawm ib daim duab:
Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob semiconductor tuaj yeem muab faib ua hom tag nrho, hom semi-tswj thiab hom tsis tswj tau raws li qib kev tswj hwm ntawm cov cim hluav taws xob. Los yog raws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm kev tsav tsheb, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua hom hluav taws xob-tsav, hom tam sim no-tsav, thiab lwm yam.
| Kev faib tawm | hom | Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb semiconductor |
| Controllability ntawm hluav taws xob teeb liab | Semi-tswj hom | SCR |
| Tswj tag nrho | GTO, GTR, MOSFET, IGBT | |
| Kev tswj tsis tau | Lub zog Diode | |
| Tsav tsheb teeb liab | Voltage tsav hom | IGBT, MOSFET, SITH |
| Tam sim no tsav hom | SCR, GTO, GTR | |
| Teeb liab waveform zoo | Pulse trigger hom | SCR, GTO |
| Electronic tswj hom | GTR, MOSFET, IGBT | |
| Cov xwm txheej uas tam sim no nqa electrons koom | khoom siv bipolar | Fais fab Diode, SCR, GTO, GTR, BSIT, BJT |
| Unipolar ntaus ntawv | MOSFET, SIB | |
| Composite ntaus ntawv | MCT, IGBT, SITH thiab IGCT |
Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txawv muaj cov yam ntxwv sib txawv xws li voltage, tam sim no muaj peev xwm, impedance muaj peev xwm, thiab qhov loj me. Hauv kev siv tiag tiag, cov cuab yeej tsim nyog yuav tsum tau xaiv raws li qhov sib txawv thiab kev xav tau.
Kev lag luam semiconductor tau dhau los ntawm peb tiam ntawm cov khoom hloov pauv txij thaum nws yug los. Txog rau tam sim no, thawj cov khoom siv semiconductor sawv cev los ntawm Si tseem yog siv los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob semiconductor.
| Cov khoom siv semiconductor | Bandgap (eV) | Melting point (K) | daim ntawv thov tseem ceeb | |
| 1st tiam khoom siv semiconductor | Ge | 1.1 | 1221 | Tsawg voltage, tsawg zaus, nruab nrab fais fab transistors, photodetectors |
| 2nd tiam khoom siv semiconductor | Si | 0.7 ua | 1687 ib | |
| 3rd tiam khoom siv semiconductor | GaAs | 1.4 | 1511 | Microwave, millimeter yoj pab kiag li lawm, lub teeb-emitting li |
| SiC | 3.05 Nws | ib 2826 | 1. High-temperature, high-frequency, hluav taws xob-resistant high-power devices 2. Xiav, qib, violet lub teeb-emitting diodes, semiconductor lasers | |
| GaN | 3.4 | Xyoo 1973 | ||
| AIN | 6.2 | 2470 ib | ||
| C | 5.5 | 3800 Nws | ||
| ZnO | 3.37 ib | 2248 ib | ||
Ua kom tiav cov yam ntxwv ntawm semi-tswj thiab tag nrho tswj fais fab khoom siv:
| Hom ntaus ntawv | SCR | GTR | MOSFET | IGBT |
| Tswj hom | Pulse trigger | Kev tswj tam sim no | tswj voltage | zaj duab xis center |
| self-shutoff kab | Kev kaw haujlwm | self-shutdown ntaus ntawv | self-shutdown ntaus ntawv | self-shutdown ntaus ntawv |
| ua hauj lwm zaus | 1 khz | 30khz | 20khz-Mhz | 40khz |
| Tsav zog | me me | loj | me me | me me |
| hloov losses | loj | loj | loj | loj |
| conduction poob | me me | me me | loj | me me |
| Voltage thiab theem tam sim no | 最大 | loj | yam tsawg kawg nkaus | ntau |
| Tej kev siv | Nruab nrab zaus induction cua sov | UPS zaus converter | switching fais fab mov | UPS zaus converter |
| nqe | qis tshaj | qis | nyob nruab nrab | Qhov kim tshaj plaws |
| conductance modulation nyhuv | muaj | muaj | tsis muaj | muaj |
Tau paub MOSFETs
MOSFET muaj cov tswv yim impedance siab, tsis tshua muaj suab nrov, thiab zoo thermal stability; nws muaj cov txheej txheem tsim khoom yooj yim thiab muaj zog hluav taws xob, yog li nws feem ntau yog siv hauv amplifier circuits lossis switching circuits;
(1) Cov kev xaiv tseem ceeb: qhov hluav taws xob qhov hluav taws xob VDS (tsis muaj qhov hluav taws xob), ID txuas ntxiv tam sim no, RDS (on) ntawm qhov tsis kam, Ciss input capacitance (hluav taws xob capacitance), qhov zoo tshaj FOM = Ron * Qg, thiab lwm yam.
(2) Raws li cov txheej txheem sib txawv, nws tau muab faib ua TrenchMOS: trench MOSFET, feem ntau hauv qhov hluav taws xob tsawg hauv 100V; SGT (Split Gate) MOSFET: phua rooj vag MOSFET, feem ntau nyob rau hauv nruab nrab thiab qis voltage teb nyob rau hauv 200V; SJ MOSFET: super junction MOSFET, feem ntau nyob rau hauv High voltage teb 600-800V;
Nyob rau hauv ib qho kev hloov hluav taws xob, xws li qhov qhib-drain Circuit Court, qhov ntws tau txuas nrog lub load tsis zoo, uas yog hu ua qhib-drain. Nyob rau hauv ib qho qhib-drain circuit, txawm tias qhov hluav taws xob siab npaum li cas ntawm lub load txuas nrog, lub load tam sim no tuaj yeem qhib thiab tawm. Nws yog ib qho zoo tagnrho analog switching ntaus ntawv. Qhov no yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm MOSFET raws li ib tug switching ntaus ntawv.
Hais txog kev sib koom ua lag luam, MOSFETs yuav luag tag nrho cov koom tes ntawm cov tuam txhab loj thoob ntiaj teb. Ntawm lawv, Infineon tau txais IR (American International Rectifier Company) hauv 2015 thiab tau los ua tus thawj coj hauv kev lag luam. ON Semiconductor kuj ua tiav qhov tau txais Fairchild Semiconductor nyob rau lub Cuaj Hli 2016. , kev sib koom ua lag luam tau dhia mus rau qhov chaw thib ob, thiab tom qab ntawd cov kev muag khoom qeb yog Renesas, Toshiba, IWC, ST, Vishay, Anshi, Magna, thiab lwm yam.;
Mainstream MOSFET hom yog muab faib ua ob peb series: American, Japanese thiab Korean.
American series: Infineon, IR, Fairchild, ON Semiconductor, ST, TI, PI, AOS, thiab lwm yam;
Japanese: Toshiba, Renesas, ROHM, thiab lwm yam.;
Korean series: Magna, KEC, AUK, Morina Hiroshi, Shinan, KIA
MOSFET pob pawg
Raws li txoj kev uas nws tau nruab rau ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm PCB, muaj ob lub ntsiab ntawm cov pob MOSFET: plug-in (Los ntawm Qhov) thiab nto mount (Nto Mount). ua
Hom plug-in txhais tau hais tias cov pins ntawm MOSFET dhau los ntawm qhov txuas ntawm PCB pawg thawj coj saib thiab tau txuas rau PCB pawg thawj coj saib. Cov pob khoom uas muaj xws li: dual in-line pob (DIP), transistor outline pob (TO), thiab tus pin grid array pob (PGA).
Plug-in ntim
Nto mounting yog qhov twg MOSFET pins thiab kub dissipation flange yog welded rau cov ntaub qhwv rau saum npoo ntawm PCB board. Tej pob khoom nto mount muaj xws li: transistor outline (D-PAK), me me transistor (SOT), me me cov txheej txheem pob (SOP), quad tiaj pob (QFP), yas leaded nti carrier (PLCC), thiab lwm yam.
nto mount pob
Nrog rau kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis, PCB boards xws li motherboards thiab graphics phaib tam sim no siv tsawg dua thiab tsawg dua cov khoom ntim ncaj qha, thiab ntau qhov chaw ntim khoom siv.
1. Dual in-line pob (DIP)
Lub pob DIP muaj ob kab ntawm tus pins thiab yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv lub qhov (socket) nrog lub DIP qauv. Nws derivation txoj kev yog SDIP (Shrink DIP), uas yog ib tug shrink ob-hauv-kab pob. Tus pin ceev yog 6 npaug siab dua li ntawm DIP.
DIP ntim cov qauv muaj xws li: ntau txheej ceramic dual-hauv-line DIP, ib txheej ceramic dual-hauv-line DIP, txhuas ncej DIP (xws li iav-ceramic sealing hom, yas encapsulation qauv hom, ceramic low-melting iav encapsulation hom) thiab lwm yam. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm DIP ntim yog tias nws tuaj yeem yooj yim paub los ntawm qhov vuam ntawm PCB boards thiab muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov niam ntawv.
Txawm li cas los xij, vim tias nws qhov chaw ntim khoom thiab cov tuab yog qhov loj, thiab cov pins tau yooj yim puas thaum lub sijhawm ntsaws thiab tshem tawm cov txheej txheem, kev ntseeg tau tsis zoo. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov txheej txheem, tus naj npawb ntawm cov pins feem ntau tsis tshaj 100. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib koom ua ke siab ntawm kev lag luam hluav taws xob, DIP ntim tau maj mam thim tawm ntawm theem ntawm keeb kwm.
2. Transistor Outline Pob (TO)
Thaum ntxov ntim specifications, xws li TO-3P, TO-247, TO-92, TO-92L, TO-220, TO-220F, TO-251, thiab lwm yam. yog tag nrho cov plug-in ntim designs.
TO-3P/247: Nws yog ib daim ntawv ntim khoom siv rau nruab nrab-siab voltage thiab high-tam sim no MOSFETs. Cov khoom muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm siab tiv taus voltage thiab muaj zog tawg tsis kam. cov
TO-220/220F: TO-220F yog ib lub hnab yas tag nrho, thiab tsis tas yuav ntxiv cov ntaub thaiv npog thaum nruab rau ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob; TO-220 muaj cov ntawv hlau txuas nrog nruab nrab tus pin, thiab yuav tsum muaj cov ntaub qhwv insulating thaum txhim kho lub tshuab hluav taws xob. MOSFETs ntawm ob lub pob no muaj qhov zoo sib xws thiab tuaj yeem siv sib hloov. cov
TO-251: Cov khoom ntim no yog siv los txo cov nqi thiab txo cov khoom loj. Nws yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig nrog nruab nrab voltage thiab siab tam sim no hauv qab 60A thiab high voltage hauv qab 7N. cov
TO-92: Cov pob no tsuas yog siv rau cov hluav taws xob qis MOSFET (tam sim no qis dua 10A, tiv taus hluav taws xob qis dua 60V) thiab high-voltage 1N60/65, txhawm rau txo cov nqi.
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, vim cov nqi vuam siab ntawm cov txheej txheem ntim cov ntsaws ntsaws thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis zoo rau cov khoom lag luam, qhov kev thov hauv kev lag luam saum npoo av tau nce ntxiv, uas tau ua rau kev txhim kho ntawm TO ntim. nyob rau hauv nto mount ntim.
TO-252 (tseem hu ua D-PAK) thiab TO-263 (D2PAK) yog ob qho tib si saum npoo pob khoom.
TO pob khoom zoo li
TO252 / D-PAK yog ib lub pob yas nti, uas feem ntau yog siv rau ntim fais fab transistors thiab voltage stabilizing chips. Nws yog ib qho ntawm cov pob khoom tseem ceeb tam sim no. MOSFET siv txoj kev ntim khoom no muaj peb lub electrodes, rooj vag (G), ntws (D), thiab qhov chaw (S). Cov dej ntws (D) tus pin raug txiav tawm thiab tsis siv. Hloov chaw, lub dab dej kub hauv qab yog siv los ua cov dej ntws (D), uas yog ncaj qha welded rau PCB. Ntawm ib sab, nws yog siv los tso tawm cov dej ntws loj, thiab ntawm qhov tod tes, nws dissipates cua sov los ntawm PCB. Yog li ntawd, muaj peb lub D-PAK pads ntawm PCB, thiab cov dej ntws (D) ncoo loj dua. Nws cov specifications ntim yog raws li nram no:
TO-252 / D-PAK pob loj specifications
TO-263 yog qhov txawv ntawm TO-220. Nws yog tsuas yog tsim los txhim kho kev tsim khoom thiab ua kom sov dissipation. Nws txhawb tsis tshua muaj siab tam sim no thiab voltage. Nws muaj ntau dua nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-voltage high-tam sim no MOSFETs hauv qab 150A thiab siab dua 30V. Ntxiv rau D2PAK (TO-263AB), nws kuj suav nrog TO263-2, TO263-3, TO263-5, TO263-7 thiab lwm yam, uas yog subordinate rau TO-263, feem ntau yog vim muaj tus lej sib txawv thiab nyob deb ntawm tus pins. .
TO-263 / D2PAK pob loj specifications
3. Pin grid array pob (PGA)
Muaj ntau yam square array pins sab hauv thiab sab nraum PGA (Pin Grid Array Package) nti. Txhua square array pin yog teem rau ntawm ib qho kev ncua deb ntawm lub nti. Nyob ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov pins, nws tuaj yeem tsim rau hauv 2 mus rau 5 lub voj voog. Thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa, tsuas yog ntxig lub nti rau hauv qhov tshwj xeeb PGA qhov (socket). Nws muaj qhov zoo ntawm qhov yooj yim plugging thiab unplugging thiab kev ntseeg siab, thiab tuaj yeem hloov mus rau ntau zaus.
PGA pob style
Feem ntau ntawm nws cov nti substrates yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv ceramic, thiab qee qhov siv cov yas tshwj xeeb ua cov substrate. Hais txog kev siv tshuab, tus pin center nrug feem ntau yog 2.54mm, thiab tus naj npawb ntawm cov pins nyob ntawm 64 mus rau 447. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntim zoo li no yog qhov me me ntawm qhov ntim (ntim), lub zog siv qis dua (kev ua tau zoo. ) nws tuaj yeem tiv taus, thiab vice versa. Qhov kev ntim ntawm cov chips no muaj ntau dua nyob rau hauv cov hnub thaum ntxov, thiab feem ntau yog siv los ntim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siab xws li CPUs. Piv txwv li, Intel's 80486 thiab Pentium txhua tus siv cov qauv ntim no; nws tsis yog dav siv los ntawm MOSFET manufacturers.
4. Cov Txheej Txheem Me Me Transistor Pob (SOT)
SOT (Small Out-Line Transistor) yog ib hom me me fais fab transistor pob, feem ntau suav nrog SOT23, SOT89, SOT143, SOT25 (ie SOT23-5), thiab lwm yam. SOT323, SOT363/SOT26 (ie SOT23-6) thiab lwm yam yog derived, uas yog me me dua li cov pob khoom.
SOT pob hom
SOT23 yog cov khoom siv feem ntau siv nrog peb lub tis-zoo li tus pins, uas yog tus sau, emitter thiab puag, uas tau teev nyob rau ob sab ntawm sab ntev ntawm cov khoom. Ntawm lawv, lub emitter thiab lub hauv paus yog nyob rau tib sab. Lawv yog cov muaj nyob rau hauv low-power transistors, field effect transistors thiab composite transistors nrog resistor tes hauj lwm. Lawv muaj lub zog zoo tab sis tsis zoo solderability. Cov tsos mob tshwm sim hauv daim duab (a) hauv qab no.
SOT89 muaj peb tus pins luv luv faib rau ntawm ib sab ntawm transistor. Lwm sab yog cov hlau kub dab dej txuas nrog lub hauv paus kom muaj peev xwm ua kom sov dissipation. Nws yog ib txwm muaj nyob rau hauv silicon zog nto mount transistors thiab yog haum rau ntau zog daim ntaub ntawv. Cov tsos mob tshwm sim hauv daim duab (b) hauv qab no. cov
SOT143 muaj plaub luv tis-puab pins, uas yog coj tawm ntawm ob sab. Qhov dav kawg ntawm tus pin yog tus sau. Hom pob no muaj nyob rau hauv high-frequency transistors, thiab nws cov tsos yog qhia nyob rau hauv daim duab (c) hauv qab no. cov
SOT252 yog lub tshuab hluav taws xob siab siab nrog peb tus pins coj los ntawm ib sab, thiab tus pin nruab nrab yog luv dua thiab yog tus sau. Txuas mus rau tus pin loj ntawm lwm qhov kawg, uas yog ib daim ntawv tooj liab rau cov cua sov dissipation, thiab nws cov tsos zoo li pom hauv daim duab (d) hauv qab no.
Common SOT pob zoo li kev sib piv
Plaub lub davhlau ya nyob twg SOT-89 MOSFET feem ntau yog siv rau ntawm cov motherboards. Nws specifications thiab qhov ntev yog raws li nram no:
SOT-89 MOSFET loj specifications (unit: mm)
5. Cov pob ntawv me me (SOP)
SOP (Small Out-Line Package) yog ib qho ntawm cov pob khoom ntog, tseem hu ua SOL lossis DFP. Cov pins yog kos tawm ntawm ob sab ntawm lub pob nyob rau hauv ib tug seagull tis puab (L puab). Cov ntaub ntawv yog yas thiab ceramic. SOP ntim cov qauv suav nrog SOP-8, SOP-16, SOP-20, SOP-28, thiab lwm yam. Tus lej tom qab SOP qhia txog tus lej pins. Feem ntau MOSFET SOP pob txais yuav SOP-8 specifications. Kev lag luam feem ntau tshem tawm "P" thiab abbreviates nws li SO (Small Out-Line).
SOP-8 pob loj
SO-8 yog thawj zaug tsim los ntawm PHILIP Company. Nws yog ntim rau hauv yas, tsis muaj cua sov dissipation hauv qab phaj, thiab tsis zoo cua sov dissipation. Nws feem ntau yog siv rau cov MOSFET uas tsis muaj zog. Tom qab ntawd, cov qauv tshwj xeeb xws li TSOP (Thin Small Outline Package), VSOP (Cov Txheej Txheem Me Me), SSOP (Shrink SOP), TSSOP (Thin Shrink SOP), thiab lwm yam tau maj mam muab tau; ntawm lawv, TSOP thiab TSSOP feem ntau siv hauv MOSFET ntim.
SOP muab tau cov lus qhia feem ntau siv rau MOSFETs
6. Quad Flat Pob (QFP)
Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm nti pins hauv QFP (Plastic Quad Flat Package) pob yog me me thiab cov pins nyias nyias. Nws feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv loj-scale los yog ultra-loj integrated circuits, thiab tus naj npawb ntawm pins feem ntau yog ntau tshaj 100. Chips ntim rau hauv daim ntawv no yuav tsum siv SMT nto mounting tshuab los solder lub nti rau lub motherboard. Txoj kev ntim khoom no muaj plaub yam tseem ceeb: ① Nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau SMD nto mounting thev naus laus zis los txhim kho cov xaim ntawm PCB Circuit Board; ② Nws tsim nyog rau kev siv ntau zaus; ③ Nws yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam thiab muaj kev ntseeg siab; ④ Qhov piv ntawm thaj tsam nti thiab thaj chaw ntim khoom me me. Zoo li PGA txoj kev ntim khoom, txoj kev ntim khoom no qhwv cov nti rau hauv lub hnab yas thiab tsis tuaj yeem tso cov cua sov uas tsim los thaum lub nti ua haujlwm raws sijhawm. Nws txwv kev txhim kho ntawm MOSFET kev ua tau zoo; thiab cov yas ntim khoom nws tus kheej nce qhov loj ntawm cov cuab yeej, uas tsis ua raws li cov kev cai rau kev txhim kho semiconductors nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub teeb, nyias, luv luv, thiab me me. Tsis tas li ntawd, hom kev ntim khoom no yog ua raws li ib lub nti, uas muaj cov teeb meem ntawm kev tsim khoom tsawg thiab cov nqi ntim siab. Yog li, QFP yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev siv hauv cov logic LSI circuits xws li microprocessors / rooj vag arrays, thiab tseem tsim nyog rau ntim cov khoom lag luam analog LSI Circuit Court xws li VTR teeb liab ua thiab ua suab nrov.
7 、 Quad tiaj pob tsis muaj txhuas (QFN)
Lub QFN (Quad Flat Non-leaded pob) yog nruab nrog electrode hu rau tag nrho plaub sab. Txij li thaum tsis muaj kev coj ua, thaj chaw mounting me dua QFP thiab qhov siab qis dua QFP. Ntawm lawv, ceramic QFN tseem hu ua LCC (Leadless Chip Carriers), thiab cov yas qis qis QFN siv iav epoxy resin luam substrate cov khoom siv yog hu ua yas LCC, PCLC, P-LCC, thiab lwm yam. thev naus laus zis nrog cov ntaub qhwv me me, ntim me me, thiab yas ua cov khoom sib khi. QFN feem ntau yog siv rau kev ntim khoom sib xyaw ua ke, thiab MOSFET yuav tsis siv. Txawm li cas los xij, vim tias Intel tau thov kev sib xyaw tsav tsheb thiab MOSFET kev daws teeb meem, nws tau pib DrMOS hauv QFN-56 pob ("56" yog hais txog 56 txuas pins nyob tom qab ntawm lub nti).
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias QFN pob muaj tib yam sab nraud txhuas configuration raws li lub ultra-thin me me txheej txheem pob (TSSOP), tab sis nws loj yog 62% me dua li TSSOP. Raws li QFN qauv cov ntaub ntawv, nws cov thermal kev ua tau zoo yog 55% siab dua li ntawm TSSOP ntim, thiab nws cov hluav taws xob kev ua tau zoo (inductance thiab capacitance) yog 60% thiab 30% siab dua li TSSOP ntim. Qhov loj tshaj qhov tsis zoo yog tias nws nyuaj rau kho.
DrMOS hauv QFN-56 pob
Ib txwm txiav txim siab DC / DC kauj ruam-down hloov cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj rau lub zog siab dua, thiab lawv tsis tuaj yeem daws qhov teeb meem ntawm cov kab mob parasitic los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntau zaus. Nrog rau kev tsim kho tshiab thiab kev vam meej ntawm thev naus laus zis, nws tau dhau los ua qhov tseeb rau kev sib xyaw cov tsav tsheb thiab MOSFETs los tsim ntau lub chips modules. Txoj kev sib koom ua ke no tuaj yeem txuag tau ntau qhov chaw thiab ua kom lub zog siv ceev. Los ntawm kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov tsav tsheb thiab MOSFETs, nws tau dhau los ua qhov tseeb. Lub zog ua haujlwm zoo thiab zoo DC tam sim no, qhov no yog DrMOS integrated tsav IC.
Renesas 2nd tiam DrMOS
QFN-56 leadless pob ua rau DrMOS thermal impedance tsawg heev; Nrog rau kev sib txuas hauv cov hlau thiab tooj liab clip tsim, sab nraud PCB thaiv tuaj yeem txo qis, yog li txo qhov inductance thiab tsis kam. Tsis tas li ntawd, txoj kev sib sib zog nqus-channel silicon MOSFET cov txheej txheem siv kuj tseem tuaj yeem txo qhov conduction, hloov thiab lub rooj vag nqi poob; nws yog sib xws nrog ntau yam controllers, muaj peev xwm ua tau ntau hom kev khiav hauj lwm, thiab txhawb active theem hloov dua siab tshiab hom APS (Auto Phase Switching). Ntxiv rau QFN ntim, ob sab tiaj tiaj tsis muaj txhuas ntim (DFN) kuj tseem yog txheej txheem ntim khoom siv hluav taws xob tshiab uas tau siv dav hauv ntau yam khoom ntawm ON Semiconductor. Piv nrog QFN, DFN muaj tsawg dua cov hlau lead-tawm electrodes ntawm ob sab.
8, Yas Leaded Chip Carrier (PLCC)
PLCC (Plastic Quad Flat Package) muaj cov duab plaub thiab me dua li pob DIP. Nws muaj 32 tus pins nrog tus pins thoob plaws. Cov pins raug coj tawm ntawm plaub sab ntawm pob hauv T-zoo li. Nws yog cov khoom siv yas. Tus pin center nrug yog 1.27mm, thiab tus naj npawb ntawm pins nyob ntawm 18 mus rau 84. J-shaped pins tsis yooj yim deformed thiab yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam dua li QFP, tab sis qhov kev tshuaj xyuas tom qab vuam yog qhov nyuaj dua. PLCC ntim yog tsim rau kev txhim kho cov xaim ntawm PCB siv SMT nto mounting tshuab. Nws muaj qhov zoo ntawm qhov me me thiab kev ntseeg siab. PLCC ntim yog ib txwm muaj thiab yog siv rau hauv logic LSI, DLD (los yog program logic device) thiab lwm yam circuits. Daim ntawv ntim no feem ntau siv hauv motherboard BIOS, tab sis tam sim no nws tsis tshua muaj nyob hauv MOSFETs.
Encapsulation thiab txhim kho rau cov lag luam tseem ceeb
Vim qhov kev txhim kho ntawm qhov tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob thiab siab tam sim no hauv CPUs, MOSFETs yuav tsum muaj cov zis loj tam sim no, tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv, tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob, hluav taws xob sai, thiab me me. Ntxiv nrog rau kev txhim kho cov cuab yeej technology thiab cov txheej txheem, MOSFET cov tuam txhab tseem txhim kho kev ntim khoom. Raws li kev sib raug zoo nrog cov qauv tsim tshwj xeeb, lawv nthuav tawm cov duab ntim tshiab thiab sau npe cov npe lag luam rau cov pob tshiab uas lawv tsim.
1, RENESAS WPAK, LFPAK thiab LFPAK-I pob
WPAK yog lub pob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob siab uas tsim los ntawm Renesas. Los ntawm kev ua raws li D-PAK pob, lub tshuab hluav taws xob nti yog welded rau lub motherboard, thiab cov cua sov yog dissipated los ntawm lub motherboard, kom lub pob me me WPAK tuaj yeem ncav cuag cov zis tam sim no ntawm D-PAK. WPAK-D2 pob khoom ob lub siab / qis MOSFET kom txo cov xaim inductance.
Renesas WPAK pob loj
LFPAK thiab LFPAK-I yog ob daim ntawv me me uas tsim los ntawm Renesas uas sib haum nrog SO-8. LFPAK zoo ib yam li D-PAK, tab sis me dua D-PAK. LFPAK-i muab cov dab dej kub tso rau saum toj kom dissipate cua sov los ntawm lub dab dej kub.
Renesas LFPAK thiab LFPAK-I pob
2. Vishay Power-PAK thiab Polar-PAK ntim
Power-PAK yog MOSFET pob lub npe sau npe los ntawm Vishay Corporation. Fais fab-PAK suav nrog ob qhov tshwj xeeb: Fais fab-PAK1212-8 thiab Fais Fab-PAK SO-8.
Vishay Power-PAK1212-8 pob
Vishay Power-PAK SO-8 pob
Polar PAK yog ib pob me me uas muaj ob sab cua kub dissipation thiab yog ib qho ntawm Vishay cov txheej txheem ntim khoom tseem ceeb. Polar PAK yog tib yam li lub pob zoo li-8. Nws muaj cov ntsiab lus dissipation ntawm ob sab sauv thiab sab qis ntawm pob. Nws tsis yooj yim rau khaws cov cua sov hauv lub pob thiab tuaj yeem nce qhov ceev ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm tam sim no mus rau ob zaug ntawm SO-8. Tam sim no, Vishay tau tso cai Polar PAK tshuab rau STMicroelectronics.
Vishay Polar PAK pob
3. Onsemi SO-8 thiab WDFN8 ca cov pob khoom
ON Semiconductor tau tsim ob hom ca- txhuas MOSFETs, cov uas SO-8 tau tshaj cov hlau lead yog siv los ntawm ntau lub rooj tsavxwm. ON Semiconductor's newly launched NVMx and NVTx power MOSFETs use compact DFN5 (SO-8FL) and WDFN8 packages to minimise conduction losses. Nws kuj tseem muaj QG qis thiab muaj peev xwm txo qis tsav tsheb poob.
ON Semiconductor SO-8 Flat Lead Pob
ON Semiconductor WDFN8 pob
4. NXP LFPAK thiab QLPAK ntim
NXP (yav tas los Philps) tau txhim kho SO-8 ntim tshuab rau hauv LFPAK thiab QLPAK. Ntawm lawv, LFPAK tau suav tias yog lub zog muaj zog tshaj plaws SO-8 pob hauv ntiaj teb; thaum QLPAK muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov me me thiab ntau dua cov cua kub dissipation efficiency. Piv nrog rau SO-8 zoo tib yam, QLPAK nyob thaj tsam ntawm PCB board ntawm 6 * 5mm thiab muaj thermal kuj ntawm 1.5k / W.
NXP LFPAK pob
NXP QLPAK ntim khoom
4. ST Semiconductor PowerSO-8 pob
STMicroelectronics 'power MOSFET nti ntim tshuab muaj xws li SO-8, PowerSO-8, PowerFLAT, DirectFET, PolarPAK, thiab lwm yam. Ntawm lawv, Fais fab SO-8 yog ib qho kev txhim kho ntawm SO-8. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj PowerSO-10, PowerSO-20, TO-220FP, H2PAK-2 thiab lwm yam pob khoom.
STMicroelectronics Power SO-8 pob
5. Fairchild Semiconductor Fais Fab 56 pob
Fais fab 56 yog Farichild lub npe tshwj xeeb, thiab nws lub npe yog DFN5 × 6. Nws qhov chaw ntim khoom yog piv rau cov feem ntau siv TSOP-8, thiab cov pob nyias nyias txuag cov khoom tiv thaiv qhov siab, thiab Thermal-Pad tsim hauv qab txo cov thermal kuj. Yog li ntawd, ntau lub tuam txhab tsim hluav taws xob tau siv DFN5 × 6.
Fairchild Power 56 pob
6. International Rectifier (IR) Direct FET pob
Direct FET muab kev ua kom txias txias hauv SO-8 lossis me dua hneev taw thiab tsim nyog rau AC-DC thiab DC-DC fais fab kev hloov pauv hauv computers, laptops, kev sib txuas lus thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siv. DirectFET cov hlau tuaj yeem tsim kho tau muab faib ua ob sab ntawm cov cua sov, ua kom muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm tam sim no ntawm DC-DC phaw converters piv rau cov qauv yas discrete pob. Lub pob Direct FET yog hom rov qab-mounted, nrog cov dej ntws (D) lub dab dej kub tig mus rau sab saud thiab npog nrog lub plhaub hlau, los ntawm cov cua sov dissipated. Direct FET ntim zoo heev txhim kho cov cua sov thiab siv qhov chaw tsawg dua nrog cov cua kub zoo.
Cov ntsiab lus
Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, raws li kev lag luam tsim hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv txhim kho nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm ultra-nyias, miniaturization, tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob, thiab siab tam sim no, cov tsos thiab cov qauv ntim sab hauv ntawm MOSFET tseem yuav hloov pauv kom zoo dua rau kev tsim kho kev xav tau ntawm kev tsim khoom. kev lag luam. Tsis tas li ntawd, txhawm rau txo qis qhov kev xaiv rau cov tuam txhab hluav taws xob, cov qauv ntawm MOSFET txoj kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm modularization thiab cov txheej txheem ntim yuav ua kom pom tseeb, thiab cov khoom yuav tsim nyob rau hauv ib qho kev sib koom tes los ntawm ntau qhov ntev xws li kev ua tau zoo thiab cov nqi. . Pob yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv MOSFET xaiv. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txawv muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txawv, thiab qhov chaw sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv kuj yuav tsum muaj qhov sib txawv me me kom tau raws li. Hauv kev xaiv tiag tiag, kev txiav txim siab yuav tsum tau ua raws li qhov xav tau tiag tiag raws li txoj cai dav dav. Qee lub tshuab hluav taws xob raug txwv los ntawm qhov loj ntawm PCB thiab qhov siab sab hauv. Piv txwv li, module fais fab khoom siv ntawm kev sib txuas lus feem ntau yog siv DFN5 * 6 thiab DFN3 * 3 pob khoom vim qhov siab txwv; hauv qee cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ACDC, cov qauv tsim ultra-nyias los yog vim lub plhaub txwv tsis pub siv rau kev sib sau ua ke TO220 ntim MOSFETs. Lub sijhawm no, cov pins tuaj yeem tso ncaj qha rau hauv lub hauv paus, uas tsis haum rau TO247 cov khoom ntim khoom; qee qhov kev tsim ultra-nyias xav tau cov cuab yeej pins yuav tsum tau khoov thiab nteg tiaj, uas yuav ua rau kom qhov nyuaj ntawm MOSFET xaiv.
Yuav xaiv MOSFET li cas
Ib tus kws tshaj lij tau hais rau kuv tias nws tsis tau saib thawj nplooj ntawv ntawm MOSFET cov ntaub ntawv vim tias cov ntaub ntawv "tsim" tsuas yog tshwm sim ntawm nplooj thib ob thiab dhau mus. Txhua nplooj ntawv ntawm MOSFET cov ntaub ntawv muaj cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau cov neeg tsim qauv. Tab sis nws tsis yog ib txwm paub meej yuav txhais li cas cov ntaub ntawv muab los ntawm cov tuam ntxhab.
Kab lus no qhia txog qee qhov tseem ceeb ntawm MOSFETs, lawv tau teev nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv li cas, thiab cov duab meej koj yuav tsum nkag siab lawv. Zoo li feem ntau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, MOSFETs cuam tshuam los ntawm kev ua haujlwm kub. Yog li nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab txog cov kev xeem uas tau hais los saum toj no. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab txog seb cov ntsuas koj pom hauv "Cov Khoom Taw Qhia" yog "qhov siab tshaj" lossis "tus qauv" qhov tseem ceeb, vim qee cov ntaub ntawv tsis qhia meej.
Qib voltage
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb uas txiav txim siab txog MOSFET yog nws qhov ntws-qhov hluav taws xob VDS, lossis "drain-source breakdown voltage", uas yog qhov siab tshaj qhov hluav taws xob uas MOSFET tuaj yeem tiv taus yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj thaum lub rooj vag luv luv mus rau qhov chaw thiab qhov ntws tawm tam sim no. yog 250μA. . VDS tseem hu ua "qhov voltage siab tshaj plaws ntawm 25 ° C", tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qhov voltage no yog qhov kub thiab txias, thiab feem ntau yog "VDS kub coefficient" hauv cov ntaub ntawv. Koj kuj yuav tsum nkag siab tias qhov siab tshaj plaws VDS yog qhov DC voltage ntxiv rau txhua qhov voltage spikes thiab ripples uas yuav muaj nyob rau hauv Circuit Court. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj siv 30V ntaus ntawv ntawm 30V fais fab mov nrog 100mV, 5ns spike, qhov hluav taws xob yuav dhau qhov kev txwv siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub cuab yeej thiab lub cuab yeej yuav nkag mus rau avalanche hom. Hauv qhov no, kev ntseeg siab ntawm MOSFET tsis tuaj yeem lav. Ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, qhov kub coefficient tuaj yeem hloov pauv qhov tawg ntawm qhov hluav taws xob. Piv txwv li, qee qhov N-channel MOSFETs nrog qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm 600V muaj qhov ntsuas kub zoo. Raws li lawv mus txog lawv qhov siab tshaj qhov sib txuas, qhov kub coefficient ua rau cov MOSFETs coj zoo li 650V MOSFETs. Ntau tus neeg siv MOSFET txoj cai tsim yuav tsum muaj qhov cuam tshuam ntawm 10% mus rau 20%. Hauv qee qhov kev tsim qauv, xav tias qhov tseeb qhov hluav taws xob tawg yog 5% mus rau 10% siab dua tus nqi ntsuas ntawm 25 ° C, cov qauv tsim muaj txiaj ntsig zoo yuav raug ntxiv rau qhov tsim tiag tiag, uas yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev tsim. Ib yam tseem ceeb rau kev xaiv kom raug ntawm MOSFETs yog nkag siab txog lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub rooj vag-qhov hluav taws xob VGS thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Qhov hluav taws xob no yog qhov hluav taws xob uas ua kom muaj kev ua tiav tag nrho ntawm MOSFET raws li qhov siab tshaj plaws RDS (on) qhov xwm txheej. Qhov no yog vim li cas qhov kev tiv thaiv ib txwm muaj feem xyuam rau VGS qib, thiab nws tsuas yog ntawm qhov hluav taws xob no uas lub cuab yeej tuaj yeem qhib. Ib qho tseem ceeb tsim qhov tshwm sim yog tias koj tsis tuaj yeem tig MOSFET tag nrho nrog qhov hluav taws xob qis dua li qhov tsawg kawg nkaus VGS siv los ua tiav RDS (on) ntsuas. Piv txwv li, txhawm rau tsav lub MOSFET tag nrho nrog lub 3.3V microcontroller, koj yuav tsum tau qhib lub MOSFET ntawm VGS = 2.5V lossis qis dua.
On-resistance, rooj vag nqi, thiab "daim duab ntawm qhov zoo"
Qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm MOSFET ib txwm txiav txim siab ntawm ib lossis ntau lub qhov rooj-rau-qhov voltages. Qhov siab tshaj plaws RDS (on) txwv tuaj yeem yog 20% txog 50% siab dua li tus nqi raug. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm RDS(on) feem ntau yog hais txog tus nqi ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm 25 ° C. Ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, RDS(on) tuaj yeem nce 30% mus rau 150%, raws li qhia hauv daim duab 1. Txij li thaum RDS(on) hloov pauv nrog qhov kub thiab txias tsis tuaj yeem lav, qhov ntsuas tam sim no raws li RDS(on) tsis yog ib txoj kev tseeb heev.
Daim duab 1 RDS(on) nce nrog qhov kub thiab txias hauv thaj tsam ntawm 30% txog 150% ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws ua haujlwm kub
On-resistance tseem ceeb heev rau ob qho tib si N-channel thiab P-channel MOSFETs. Hauv kev hloov cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, Qg yog qhov kev xaiv tseem ceeb rau N-channel MOSFETs siv los hloov cov khoom siv hluav taws xob vim Qg cuam tshuam rau kev hloov pauv. Cov kev poob no muaj ob qhov teebmeem: ib qho yog lub sijhawm hloov pauv uas cuam tshuam rau MOSFET rau thiab tawm; lwm qhov yog lub zog yuav tsum tau them lub rooj vag capacitance thaum txhua txoj kev hloov pauv. Ib yam uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov yog tias Qg nyob ntawm lub rooj vag-qhov hluav taws xob, txawm tias siv Vgs qis txo qis kev hloov pauv. Raws li txoj hauv kev nrawm los sib piv MOSFETs npaj rau kev siv cov ntawv hloov pauv, cov neeg tsim qauv feem ntau siv cov qauv sib txawv uas muaj RDS(on) rau kev poob thiab Qg rau kev hloov pauv: RDS(on) xQg. Qhov "daim duab ntawm qhov tsim nyog" (FOM) no qhia txog cov cuab yeej ua tau zoo thiab tso cai rau MOSFETs muab piv rau cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws. Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev sib piv ntawm cov khoom siv, koj yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias tib VGS yog siv rau RDS(on) thiab Qg, thiab qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws tsis tshwm sim los sib xyaw ua ke hauv kev tshaj tawm. FOM qis dua yuav ua rau koj ua tau zoo dua hauv kev hloov daim ntawv thov, tab sis nws tsis tau lees tias. Qhov kev sib piv zoo tshaj plaws tsuas yog tuaj yeem tau txais hauv ib qho kev sib tw tiag tiag, thiab qee zaum lub voj voog yuav tsum tau kho kom zoo rau txhua MOSFET. Rated tam sim no thiab lub zog dissipation, raws li cov kev sim sib txawv, feem ntau MOSFETs muaj ib los yog ntau tshaj qhov ntws ntws tawm hauv cov ntaub ntawv. Koj yuav xav saib cov ntaub ntawv ua tib zoo xyuas seb qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub npaum li cas (piv txwv li TC = 25 ° C), lossis ambient kub (xws li TA = 25 ° C). Qhov twg ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yuav yog nyob ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov cuab yeej thiab daim ntawv thov (saib daim duab 2).
Daim duab 2 Txhua qhov siab tshaj plaws tam sim no thiab lub zog muaj nuj nqis yog cov ntaub ntawv tiag
Rau cov khoom siv me me uas siv hauv cov khoom siv tes, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tam sim no yog qhov kub ntawm 70 ° C. Rau cov cuab yeej loj nrog cov dab dej kub thiab cua txias, theem tam sim no ntawm TA = 25 ℃ yuav nyob ze rau qhov tseeb. Rau qee cov khoom siv, tus tuag tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tam sim no ntau dua ntawm nws qhov siab tshaj plaws kev sib tshuam kub tshaj qhov txwv pob. Hauv qee cov ntaub ntawv, qhov "tuag-limited" qib tam sim no yog cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv rau "pob-limited" qib tam sim no, uas tuaj yeem muab rau koj lub tswv yim ntawm lub zog ntawm qhov tuag. Cov kev xav zoo sib xws siv rau kev ua kom lub zog tsis tu ncua, uas nyob ntawm qhov kub thiab txias tsis yog nyob ntawm lub sijhawm. Xav txog cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua ntawm PD = 4W rau 10 vib nas this ntawm TA = 70 ℃. Dab tsi yog lub sijhawm "nruam" lub sijhawm yuav txawv raws li pob MOSFET, yog li koj yuav xav siv cov txheej txheem thermal transient impedance los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kom pom tias lub zog dissipation zoo li cas tom qab 10 vib nas this, 100 vib nas this, lossis 10 feeb . Raws li pom nyob rau hauv daim duab 3, lub thermal kuj coefficient ntawm no tshwj xeeb ntaus ntawv tom qab ib tug 10-thib ob mem tes yog kwv yees li 0.33, uas txhais tau hais tias ib zaug lub pob mus txog thermal saturation tom qab kwv yees li 10 feeb, lub ntaus ntawv lub tshav kub dissipation peev tsuas yog 1.33W es tsis txhob 4W. . Txawm hais tias lub peev xwm ntawm cov cua kub dissipation tuaj yeem ncav cuag li 2W hauv qab cua txias.
Daim duab 3 Thermal tsis kam ntawm MOSFET thaum lub zog mem tes siv
Qhov tseeb, peb tuaj yeem faib cov kev xaiv MOSFET ua plaub kauj ruam.
Thawj kauj ruam: xaiv N channel lossis P channel
Thawj kauj ruam hauv kev xaiv cov cuab yeej tsim nyog rau koj tus tsim yog txiav txim siab seb yuav siv N-channel lossis P-channel MOSFET. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov fais fab, thaum MOSFET txuas nrog hauv av thiab cov load txuas nrog lub ntsiab hluav taws xob, MOSFET tsim cov kev hloov qis. Hauv kev hloov qis qis, N-channel MOSFETs yuav tsum tau siv vim qhov kev xav ntawm qhov hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau tig lub cuab yeej tawm lossis qhib. Thaum lub MOSFET txuas nrog lub tsheb npav thiab thauj mus rau hauv av, siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob siab. P-channel MOSFETs feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv no topology, uas kuj yog vim voltage tsav xav. Txhawm rau xaiv cov cuab yeej tsim nyog rau koj daim ntawv thov, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab qhov voltage yuav tsum tau tsav lub cuab yeej thiab qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws los ua nws hauv koj tus qauv tsim. Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob xav tau, lossis qhov siab tshaj qhov hluav taws xob uas lub cuab yeej tuaj yeem tiv taus. Qhov siab dua qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob, tus nqi ntau dua ntawm cov cuab yeej. Raws li kev paub dhau los, qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob yuav tsum siab tshaj qhov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob lossis lub tsheb npav voltage. Qhov no yuav muab kev tiv thaiv txaus kom lub MOSFET yuav tsis poob. Thaum xaiv MOSFET, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txiav txim siab qhov siab tshaj plaws voltage uas tuaj yeem zam tau los ntawm qhov ntws mus rau qhov chaw, uas yog, qhov siab tshaj plaws VDS. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias qhov siab tshaj plaws voltage MOSFET tuaj yeem tiv taus kev hloov pauv nrog kub. Cov neeg tsim qauv yuav tsum sim ntsuas qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntsuas kub ntawm tag nrho cov kev khiav hauj lwm kub. Qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob yuav tsum muaj cov npoo txaus los npog qhov kev hloov pauv no kom ntseeg tau tias lub voj voog yuav tsis poob. Lwm yam kev nyab xeeb uas tsim engineers yuav tsum xav txog xws li voltage transients induced los ntawm switching electronics xws li motors los yog transformers. Rated voltages sib txawv rau cov kev siv sib txawv; Feem ntau, 20V rau cov khoom siv nqa tau yooj yim, 20-30V rau FPGA cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab 450-600V rau 85-220VAC daim ntawv thov.
Kauj Ruam 2: Txiav txim siab qhov ntsuas tam sim no
Cov kauj ruam thib ob yog xaiv qhov ntsuas tam sim no ntawm MOSFET. Nyob ntawm qhov kev teeb tsa hauv Circuit Court, qhov ntsuas tam sim no yuav tsum yog qhov siab tshaj plaws tam sim no uas lub load tuaj yeem tiv taus txhua qhov xwm txheej. Zoo ib yam li qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov hluav taws xob, tus tsim qauv yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias MOSFET tau xaiv tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov ntsuas tam sim no, txawm tias lub kaw lus tsim tawm tam sim no. Ob qho xwm txheej tam sim no suav hais tias yog hom txuas ntxiv thiab mem tes sib sib zog nqus. Nyob rau hauv kev nruam conduction hom, MOSFET nyob rau hauv ib tug khov kho, qhov twg tam sim no ntws tsis tu ncua los ntawm lub ntaus ntawv. Pulse spike yog hais txog ib qho kev nce siab loj (los yog qhov tam sim no) ntws los ntawm lub cuab yeej. Thaum qhov siab tshaj plaws tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej no tau txiav txim siab, nws tsuas yog qhov teeb meem ntawm kev xaiv lub cuab yeej uas tuaj yeem tswj qhov siab tshaj plaws tam sim no. Tom qab xaiv qhov ntsuas tam sim no, qhov kev poob qis yuav tsum raug xam. Hauv qhov xwm txheej tiag tiag, MOSFET tsis yog ib qho khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws vim tias muaj hluav taws xob poob thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, uas yog hu ua conduction poob. MOSFET coj tus cwj pwm zoo li qhov hloov pauv tau thaum "on", uas yog txiav txim los ntawm RDS (ON) ntawm lub cuab yeej thiab hloov pauv nrog qhov kub thiab txias. Lub zog poob ntawm lub cuab yeej tuaj yeem suav los ntawm Iload2 × RDS (ON). Txij li thaum qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov tsis kam hloov nrog qhov kub thiab txias, lub zog poob kuj tseem yuav hloov pauv. Qhov siab dua qhov voltage VGS thov rau MOSFET, qhov me me RDS (ON) yuav yog; hloov pauv, qhov siab dua RDS (ON) yuav yog. Rau cov neeg tsim qauv, qhov no yog qhov kev lag luam tawm tuaj nyob ntawm qhov system voltage. Rau cov qauv tsim qauv, nws yooj yim dua (thiab ntau dua) siv cov hluav taws xob qis dua, thaum rau cov qauv tsim, cov hluav taws xob ntau dua tuaj yeem siv tau. Nco ntsoov tias RDS (ON) tsis kam yuav nce me ntsis nrog tam sim no. Kev hloov pauv hauv ntau yam hluav taws xob tsis zoo ntawm RDS (ON) resistor tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhia kev muab los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom. Tshuab muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov cuab yeej, vim qee cov thev naus laus zis zoo li nce RDS(ON) thaum nce qhov siab tshaj VDS. Rau cov thev naus laus zis zoo li no, yog tias koj npaj siab yuav txo VDS thiab RDS (ON), koj yuav tsum tau nce lub nti loj, yog li ua kom cov pob loj sib xws thiab cov nqi tsim kho. Muaj ob peb lub thev naus laus zis hauv kev lag luam sim tswj qhov nce hauv nti loj, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog cov channel thiab them nyiaj ntsuas thev naus laus zis. Nyob rau hauv trench technology, ib tug tob trench yog embedded nyob rau hauv lub wafer, feem ntau yog tshwj tseg rau tsis tshua muaj voltages, kom txo tau tus on-resistance RDS (ON). Txhawm rau txo qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws VDS ntawm RDS(ON), cov txheej txheem kev loj hlob ntawm epitaxial / etching kem tau siv thaum lub sijhawm txhim kho. Piv txwv li, Fairchild Semiconductor tau tsim ib lub tshuab hu ua SuperFET uas ntxiv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ntxiv rau RDS(ON) txo. Qhov no tsom rau RDS(ON) yog ib qho tseem ceeb vim hais tias raws li qhov tawg voltage ntawm tus qauv MOSFET nce, RDS(ON) nce exponentially thiab ua rau muaj kev nce hauv qhov loj me. Cov txheej txheem SuperFET hloov pauv qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm RDS(ON) thiab wafer loj rau hauv kev sib raug zoo. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, SuperFET cov cuab yeej tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov zoo tshaj plaws qis RDS (ON) hauv qhov me me tuag, txawm tias qhov hluav taws xob tawg mus txog 600V. Qhov tshwm sim yog tias wafer loj tuaj yeem txo tau txog li 35%. Rau cov neeg siv kawg, qhov no txhais tau tias txo qis hauv pob loj.
Kauj Ruam 3: Txiav txim siab Thermal Requirements
Cov kauj ruam tom ntej ntawm kev xaiv MOSFET yog xam cov thermal uas yuav tsum tau ntawm lub kaw lus. Cov neeg tsim qauv yuav tsum xav txog ob qhov xwm txheej sib txawv, qhov xwm txheej phem tshaj plaws thiab qhov xwm txheej tiag tiag. Nws raug nquahu kom siv cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo tshaj plaws, vim tias qhov txiaj ntsig no muab kev nyab xeeb loj dua thiab ua kom ntseeg tau tias lub kaw lus yuav tsis poob. Kuj tseem muaj qee cov ntaub ntawv ntsuas uas xav tau kev saib xyuas ntawm MOSFET cov ntaub ntawv; xws li cov thermal tsis kam ntawm cov semiconductor hlws ris ntawm cov khoom ntim thiab ib puag ncig, thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws hlws ris kub. Qhov ntsuas kub ntawm cov cuab yeej sib npaug sib npaug rau qhov siab tshaj plaws ambient kub ntxiv rau cov khoom ntawm thermal tsis kam thiab lub zog dissipation (hluav taws kub = qhov siab tshaj plaws ambient kub + [thermal resistance × power dissipation]). Raws li qhov sib npaug no, qhov siab tshaj plaws lub zog dissipation ntawm lub system tuaj yeem daws tau, uas yog sib npaug rau I2 × RDS (ON) los ntawm kev txhais. Txij li thaum tus tsim qauv tau txiav txim siab qhov siab tshaj plaws tam sim no uas yuav dhau los ntawm lub cuab yeej, RDS (ON) tuaj yeem suav tau ntawm qhov kub sib txawv. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov qauv thermal yooj yim, cov neeg tsim qauv yuav tsum xav txog cov thermal muaj peev xwm ntawm semiconductor hlws ris / cov khoom siv thiab rooj plaub / ib puag ncig; qhov no yuav tsum tau hais tias cov ntawv luam tawm Circuit Board thiab pob tsis kub tam sim ntawd. Avalanche kev puas tsuaj txhais tau hais tias qhov rov qab voltage ntawm cov khoom siv semiconductor tshaj tus nqi siab tshaj plaws thiab tsim cov hluav taws xob muaj zog kom nce qhov tam sim no hauv lub cuab yeej. Qhov tam sim no yuav dissipate lub zog, nce qhov kub thiab txias ntawm lub cuab yeej, thiab tejzaum nws puas lub cuab yeej. Cov tuam txhab lag luam semiconductor yuav ua qhov ntsuas avalanche ntawm cov khoom siv, suav lawv qhov hluav taws xob avalanche, lossis ntsuas lub zog ntawm lub cuab yeej. Muaj ob txoj hauv kev rau kev suav cov ntsuas avalanche voltage; ib qho yog txoj kev txheeb cais thiab lwm qhov yog thermal suav. Thermal suav yog siv dav vim nws yog qhov ua tau zoo dua. Ntau lub tuam txhab tau muab cov ntsiab lus ntawm lawv cov cuab yeej kuaj. Piv txwv li, Fairchild Semiconductor muab "Power MOSFET Avalanche Guidelines" (Power MOSFET Avalanche Guidelines-can be downloaded from the Fairchild website). Ntxiv nrog rau kev suav, thev naus laus zis kuj tseem muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau cov nyhuv avalanche. Piv txwv li, qhov nce ntawm qhov tuag loj nce avalanche tsis kam thiab thaum kawg ua kom cov cuab yeej muaj zog. Rau cov neeg siv kawg, qhov no txhais tau tias siv cov pob loj dua hauv qhov system.
Kauj Ruam 4: Txiav txim siab qhov kev ua haujlwm hloov
Cov kauj ruam kawg ntawm kev xaiv MOSFET yog los txiav txim qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm MOSFET. Muaj ntau qhov tsis sib xws uas cuam tshuam rau kev hloov pauv kev ua haujlwm, tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog lub rooj vag / dej ntws, lub rooj vag / qhov chaw thiab ntws / qhov peev xwm. Cov capacitors no tsim kev hloov pauv hauv lub cuab yeej vim tias lawv raug them txhua zaus lawv hloov. Yog li ntawd, qhov hloov ceev ntawm MOSFET yog txo, thiab cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm tau txo qis. Txhawm rau xam qhov poob tag nrho hauv ib lub cuab yeej thaum hloov pauv, tus tsim qauv yuav tsum xam qhov poob thaum tig-on (Eon) thiab poob thaum tig tawm (Eoff). Tag nrho lub zog ntawm MOSFET hloov tuaj yeem qhia los ntawm qhov sib npaug hauv qab no: Psw = (Eon + Eoff) × hloov zaus. Lub rooj vag nqi (Qgd) muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj tshaj plaws ntawm kev hloov pauv kev ua haujlwm. Raws li qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv kev ua tau zoo, cov thev naus laus zis tshiab tau tsim kho tas li los daws qhov teeb meem hloov pauv no. Nce nti loj nce rooj vag nqi; qhov no ua rau cov cuab yeej loj. Txhawm rau txo qis kev hloov pauv, cov thev naus laus zis tshiab xws li channel tuab hauv qab oxidation tau tshwm sim, aiming kom txo cov rooj vag nqi. Piv txwv li, cov thev naus laus zis tshiab SuperFET tuaj yeem txo qhov kev poob qis thiab txhim kho kev hloov pauv los ntawm kev txo RDS (ON) thiab rooj vag nqi (Qg). Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, MOSFETs tuaj yeem tiv nrog high-speed voltage transients (dv / dt) thiab tam sim no transients (di / dt) thaum lub sij hawm hloov, thiab tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau zoo ntawm kev hloov ntau zaus.
Post lub sij hawm: Oct-23-2023
